Kenya is home to an estimated 1,481,853 people living with HIV (PLHIV) in 2025, according to the National Syndemic Diseases Control Council's Kenya HIV Estimates Report 2026.
Nairobi has the highest number of people living with HIV at 189,640, reflecting its large population and status as the country's capital.
Homa Bay ranks second with 128,906 people living with HIV, followed by Kisumu (114,986), Siaya (96,304) and Migori (80,105).
Busia, Kakamega, Mombasa, Kiambu and Nakuru complete the top 10 counties with the highest HIV burden.
The figures highlight the continued concentration of HIV cases in parts of western Kenya, alongside major urban centres.
Health experts say the data is critical for guiding the allocation of resources, expanding access to testing and treatment, and strengthening prevention programmes.
Kenya has made significant progress in the fight against HIV over the years, but sustained investment remains essential to reduce new infections and improve the quality of life for those living with the virus.
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